Tuesday, January 17, 2017

Arthus Kleinman's Fundamental Questions

Models for Promoting Culturally Competent Patient-Provider Communication: Kleinman's Nine Questions



The questions are*: 
  • What do you call your problem? 
  • What name does it have? 
  • What do you think caused your problem?
  • Why do you think it started when it did? 
  • What does your sickness do to you? 
  • How does it work? How severe is it? 
  • Will it have a short or long course? 
  • What do you fear most about your disorder? 
  • What are the chief problems that your sickness has caused for you? 
  • What kind of treatment do you think you should receive? 
  • What are the most important results you hope to receive from the treatment? 
*Harvard physician and anthropologist Arthur Kleinman studied how cultural beliefs impact an individual's understanding of health and illness. Kleinman's work offers an approach to understand the patient's "illness narrative." The wording of questions should vary with characteristics of the patient, the problem and the setting. Patients may hesitate to disclose their beliefs, so patience and a genuine interest are important. The goal of the question is to elicit a patient's understanding of their health. (Reference: Kleinman, A. (1980). Patients and healers in the context of culture. Berkley, CA: University of California Press).

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